马蹄寺也叫普光寺，位于甘肃省肃南裕固族自治县境内，北距张掖市65公里，是集石窟艺术、祁连山风光和裕固族风情于一体的旅游区。马蹄寺因传说天马在此饮水落有马蹄印而得名，传说中的马蹄印迹现存于普光寺马蹄殿内，成为镇寺之宝。

马蹄寺建于东晋十六国时期，距今已逾1600年，由胜果寺、普光寺、千佛洞、金塔寺、上、中、下观音洞七处组成，共有70余处窟龛。马蹄寺石窟是一处规模宏大的石窟群体，包括七个小石窟群，小石窟群多的有三十余窟，少的有两窟，总共有七十多窟，迤逦近三十公里，是国家级文物保护单位。这些石窟中最早的建于晋代，是敦煌人郭瑀及其弟子所凿，先为郭瑀的隐居讲学处，后人增塑佛像，鼎盛时期曾有僧众三百多人。明朝永乐年间改名为普光寺，寺内原存的金鞍、龙袍，系清代乾隆御赐。

马蹄寺石窟中的千佛洞有500多个摩崖佛塔窟龛，规模宠大，体现了草原游牧民族独特的生活方式和文化特色。

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文／图边震